What Causes a Migraine - A brief look into some of the main triggers of Migraine
As migraine sufferers it is important to take notice and record what the main triggers are for our migraines in the hope of limiting their occurrence in the future. This is not always possible and is also unlikely to get rid of migraines completely but being aware and consciously avoiding a trigger or making a lifestyle change, may help the frequency and the severity of your migraine.
Stress and Anxiety
Stress is a common culprit when it comes to triggering migraines. As the body's response to stressful situations, the fight-or-flight response can lead to muscle tension, increased heart rate, and changes in blood flow – all of which are known migraine triggers. Anxiety, another emotional trigger, can also contribute to triggering a migraine too. Learning stress management techniques, such as mindfulness, meditation, and deep breathing exercises, can play a pivotal role in reducing the frequency of migraines if stress and anxiety trigger them for you.
Food and Diet
Certain foods and drinks have been closely linked to migraine onset. Tyramine-containing foods like aged cheeses, processed meats, and soy products, as well as foods containing artificial sweeteners, MSG, and excessive caffeine, have been known to trigger migraines in susceptible individuals. Keeping a food diary can help identify personal triggers and guide dietary adjustments to prevent future episodes. Going without food for long periods and not drinking enough water may also trigger a migraine so keeping hydrated and eating regular meals may also help reduce the frequency of attacks.
Hormonal Fluctuations
Hormones play a significant role in migraine triggers, particularly in women. Fluctuations in Oestrogen levels, such as those experienced during the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause, can lead to increased vulnerability to migraines. Managing hormone-related triggers may involve lifestyle changes, hormone therapies, or alternative treatments. It is worth visiting your GP or Health Professional to discuss the options available to you.
Sensory Stimuli
Bright lights, loud noises, and strong odours are sensory stimuli that can provoke migraines. These external factors can overwhelm the nervous system and lead to neurological responses that trigger migraines in susceptible individuals. Wearing sunglasses, using earplugs, and avoiding strong scents can help minimise exposure to these triggers.
Sleep Disturbances
Both too much and too little sleep can be problematic for migraine sufferers. Irregular sleep patterns, insufficient sleep, and sleep disorders like insomnia can all contribute to migraine susceptibility. Establishing a consistent sleep schedule, creating a conducive sleep environment, and adopting healthy sleep habits can aid in reducing the risk of migraines, as well as giving you more energy and an overall improved sense of wellbeing.
Weather Changes
Weather-related triggers, such as changes in barometric pressure, humidity, and temperature, have long been associated with migraines. While the exact mechanisms behind this connection are still debated, it's believed that these environmental changes affect blood vessels and trigger pain pathways. While we can't control the weather, staying hydrated and practicing relaxation techniques during weather fluctuations may help manage the impact.
Physical Exertion
Intense physical activity, especially if it's sudden and strenuous, can act as a migraine trigger. This is known as exercise-induced migraine. Staying hydrated, warming up before exercise, and gradually increasing the intensity of workouts can help mitigate this trigger.
Medications
Ironically, certain medications intended to treat other conditions can trigger migraines. This is referred to as medication-overuse headache. Pain relievers, such as opioids and even over-the-counter painkillers, if used excessively, can lead to a rebound effect, causing more frequent and severe migraines. It's essential to follow prescribed medication regimens and consult with medical professionals about potential interactions.
Conclusion
Understanding the main triggers for migraines empowers us migraine sufferers to take charge of our well-being and hopefully reduce the frequency and severity of this debilitating condition. While avoiding all triggers might be impossible, adopting healthy lifestyle choices and stress management techniques can all significantly improve the quality of life for migraine sufferers.
This blog is not written by a medical professional and should not be considered to be medical advice nor should replace medical advice from a trained professional. Please seek advice from a medical professional should you be suffering from migraines or any other medical conditions.